Hose disconnection and checks of the line must be carried out
with extra awareness, especially when handing toxic chemical
cargoes. Crew training in cargo hose disconnection is important
including – Personal Safety on Chemical
Tankers.
The correct PPE must be worn,
and the MSDS for the specific cargo.
Connection and disconnection must be supervised by an Officer to
ensure all safety procedures are being followed.
Incident of a contained spill
onboard a Chemical Tanker
Brief account of Event:
The vessel was engaged with mandatory pre-wash of cargo
MARPOL Annex II Cat “X” – Benzene.
On completion of the pre-wash, the hose was blown by air into
the barge. The hose provided from the slop barge was
connected to ship’s hoses and the connection was
approximately 2.5 metres below manifold level.
The Pumpman decided to open a drain cock at the manifold to
verify no water and pressure was left in the line, however the
line was not completely blown and a cargo/water mixture
sprayed on to his arm sleeve. This mixture also spilled on to the
deck.
Fig: Cargo hose connection area
What Went Well:
The Pumpman took an emergency shower on deck and was
examined by the duty officer to ensure there were no chemical
burns on his skin.
His boilersuit was removed outside of the accommodation and
sealed in a plastic bag for proper disposal.
What Went Wrong ( Critical Factors ):
1) The persons involved in hose disconnection must take in to
consideration that air blowing for a set period of time may not be
sufficient to declare the line free of residues and act accordingly.
In this case the Pump man opened the drain too early. He did not check the pressure gauge prior
to hose disconnection.
2) There was no direct supervision – officers were preoccupied
with completing departure checks as the
pilot was on his way to the vessel.
3) Inadequate Leadership : No cargo specific instructions
given by the Master or C/O in respect of handling
Benzene as required by the MCS Circular 1095 (Min safety
standard – Benzene).
4) The Pumpman did not wear the correct PPE, Chemical
Goggles, during hose disconnection. The consequences
of a corrosive cargo splash would have been much
more serious as compared to toxic one in this case.
5) Ships’ Risk Assessment did not reflect all requirements
of IBC Code for Toxic cargo and preventive measures.
Related Info:
Tank cleaning fatality- case study & lessons learned
Pre-cleaning /washing of cargo tanks
Final cleaning of cargo tanks prior loading
Tank cleaning and posoning hazards
Testing of tanks and cargoes
Practical tank cleaning methods for various noxious liquid cargo
Special tank cleaning method
Determining proper tank cleaning by acid wash method
Supervision of all tank cleaning and gas freeing operations
Disposal of tank washings, slops and dirty ballast - safe method
Type & condition of tank coatings - maintenance guideline
Static electricity -How they generate & required safety precautions
Cargo tank damage during pigging operations
Tank explosion case study
Following reference publications provide useful guidance and international regulations for carrying hazardous chemicals at sea.
- SOLAS (latest consolidated edition)
-
MARPOL – 73/78 (latest consolidated edition)
-
BCH / IBC Code
-
International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals (ISGOTT)
-
Tanker Safety Guide (Chemicals)
-
Ship to Ship Transfer Guide (Petroleum)
-
Safety in Oil Tankers
-
Safety in Chemical Tankers
-
IMDG Code
-
Supplement to IMDG Code (Including MFAG and Ems)
-
SOPEP
-
Clean Seas Guide for Oil Tankers
-
FOSFA (for Oils, Seeds and Fats)
-
Prevention of Oil Spillage through Cargo Pumproom Sea Valves
-
CHRIS Guide (USCG)
-
Chemical Data Guide for Bulk Shipment by Water (Condensed Chris)
-
MSDS for particular cargo carried
-
Chemical Tank Cleaning Guide
Our detail pages contain somewhat larger lists of resources where you may find more useful information.
Main Info pages!
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Inert gas systems
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Chemical handling Safe practice
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Cargo & Ballast pumps
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Cargo tanks
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|||Special cargoes
|||Spills emergencies
|||Fire protection
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